2009 Iridium-Cosmos Collision Fact Sheet

Russian Direct Ascent Anti-satellite Testing Fact Sheet

Russian Co-orbital Anti-satellite Testing Fact Sheet

Since 2010, Russia has been testing technologies for RPO in both LEO and GEO that could lead to or support a co-orbital ASAT capability, and some of those efforts have links to a Cold War-era LEO co-orbital ASAT program.

Chinese Military and Intelligence Rendezvous and Proximity Operations Fact Sheet

Since 2008, China has conducted multiple tests of satellite technologies for robotic rendezvous and proximity operations (RPO) to support surveillance and inspection of other space objects in both low Earth orbit (LEO) and geostationary Earth orbit (GEO), most of which are related to military or intelligence operations.

Russian Military and Intelligence Rendezvous and Proximity Operations Fact Sheet

Chinese Direct Ascent Anti-satellite Testing Fact Sheet

China has at least one, and possibly as many as three, programs underway to develop direct ascent anti-satellite (DA-ASAT) capabilities, either as dedicated counterspace systems or as midcourse missile defense systems that could provide counterspace capabilities.

Indian Direct Ascent Anti-Satellite Testing Fact Sheet

Over the last decade, India has shifted from a purely civil space program to one that includes military capabilities.